Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत और CTET के MCQs के उत्तर
Educational Psychology: Detailed Overview of Theories
Educational psychology focuses on understanding how individuals learn and develop. Key theories in educational psychology include:
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
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1. Behaviorism
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
- Proponent: B.F. Skinner, Ivan Pavlov, John Watson
- Key Concepts:
- Learning occurs through interaction with the environment.
- Focus on observable behaviors.
- Classical Conditioning (Pavlov): Associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to produce a conditioned response.
- Operant Conditioning (Skinner): Learning is influenced by reinforcement (positive or negative) or punishment.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
2. Constructivism
- Proponent: Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky
- Key Concepts:
- Learners actively construct their own understanding of concepts.
- Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development: Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational.
- Vygotsky’s Social Constructivism: Learning is a social process, emphasized through concepts like the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) and scaffolding.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
3. Cognitivism
- Proponent: Jerome Bruner, Robert Gagné
- Key Concepts:
- Learning involves internal processing of information.
- Bruner: Discovery learning and spiral curriculum.
- Gagné: Hierarchical learning with nine instructional events.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
4. Social Learning Theory
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
- Proponent: Albert Bandura
- Key Concepts:
- Learning occurs through observation, imitation, and modeling.
- Highlights the importance of self-efficacy and vicarious learning.
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5. Humanism
- Proponent: Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow
- Key Concepts:
- Focus on personal growth and the individual’s needs.
- Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: Physiological needs, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
6. Multiple Intelligences Theory
- Proponent: Howard Gardner
- Key Concepts:
- Intelligence is not a single entity but consists of multiple types: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
7. Motivation Theories
- Intrinsic Motivation: Driven by internal factors like curiosity and interest.
- Extrinsic Motivation: Driven by external rewards or punishments.
20 MCQs from Previous CTET Papers with Detailed Answers
MCQ 1
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
Question: According to Piaget, in which stage does a child develop the ability to think logically about concrete objects?
a) Sensorimotor
b) Preoperational
c) Concrete Operational
d) Formal Operational
Answer: c) Concrete Operational
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
- Piaget’s Concrete Operational stage (7-11 years) is when children develop logical thinking about tangible and concrete objects.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 2
Question: Vygotsky’s concept of ‘scaffolding’ refers to:
a) Structured learning environment
b) Support provided by adults or peers to help the child learn
c) A child’s ability to solve problems independently
d) Group activities to enhance learning
Answer: b) Support provided by adults or peers to help the child learn
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
- Scaffolding involves providing temporary support to a learner until they can perform tasks independently.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
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शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 3
Question: What does the term “reinforcement” mean in behaviorist theories?
a) Punishing incorrect behavior
b) Rewarding or strengthening desired behavior
c) Teaching new concepts
d) Encouraging group participation
Answer: b) Rewarding or strengthening desired behavior
- Reinforcement increases the likelihood of the desired behavior being repeated.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 4
Question: Who proposed the concept of “Multiple Intelligences”?
a) Lev Vygotsky
b) Jerome Bruner
c) Howard Gardner
d) Albert Bandura
Answer: c) Howard Gardner
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
- Gardner introduced the theory of Multiple Intelligences to challenge the traditional IQ view of intelligence.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 5
Question: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs places which need at the base of the pyramid?
a) Safety
b) Physiological
c) Love/Belonging
d) Esteem
Answer: b) Physiological
- Basic needs like food, water, and shelter are fundamental according to Maslow.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 6
Question: Which of the following best describes Bandura’s concept of “self-efficacy”?
a) Belief in one’s ability to achieve goals
b) Observational learning
c) Cognitive development stages
d) Need for self-actualization
Answer: a) Belief in one’s ability to achieve goals
- Self-efficacy refers to confidence in one’s ability to execute tasks.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 7
Question: The term “schema” in Piaget’s theory refers to:
a) External environment
b) Mental framework for understanding concepts
c) Concrete operations
d) Formal operations
Answer: b) Mental framework for understanding concepts
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
- A schema is a cognitive structure for organizing and interpreting information.
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MCQ 8
Question: In Operant Conditioning, removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase behavior is called:
a) Positive reinforcement
b) Negative reinforcement
c) Punishment
d) Extinction
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
Answer: b) Negative reinforcement
- Negative reinforcement involves removing negative stimuli to encourage behavior.
Sure! Here are the remaining MCQs with answers:
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 9
Question: According to Skinner, which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
a) Giving a student extra homework for good performance
b) Giving a student a reward for correct answers
c) Ignoring a student’s behavior
d) Taking away a privilege for bad behavior
Answer: b) Giving a student a reward for correct answers
- Positive reinforcement strengthens behavior by adding a pleasant stimulus (e.g., a reward for correct behavior).
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 10
Question: Which of the following is the primary focus of cognitive development theory?
a) Observable behaviors
b) The impact of reinforcement on behavior
c) The mental processes involved in learning and understanding
d) Emotional development
Answer: c) The mental processes involved in learning and understanding
- Cognitive development theory focuses on how children process information, solve problems, and develop intellectual abilities.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 11
Question: In the context of Vygotsky’s theory, the “Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)” refers to:
a) Tasks that can be completed without any help
b) Tasks that are too difficult for the child even with help
c) Tasks that a learner can perform with guidance from others
d) A learner’s emotional state during learning
Answer: c) Tasks that a learner can perform with guidance from others
- The ZPD refers to the difference between what a learner can do independently and what they can do with support.
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शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 12
Question: Which of the following best describes “discovery learning” according to Jerome Bruner?
a) Teacher-directed learning
b) Learning through direct experience and exploration
c) A method of rote memorization
d) Learning through repetition and drills
Answer: b) Learning through direct experience and exploration
- Discovery learning encourages students to actively engage in learning by exploring and experimenting, which leads to deeper understanding.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 13
Question: In Piaget’s theory, the process by which children adjust their existing schemas to accommodate new information is known as:
a) Assimilation
b) Accommodation
c) Scaffolding
d) Conditioning
Answer: b) Accommodation
- Accommodation occurs when children modify their existing mental frameworks (schemas) to incorporate new information.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 14
Question: Which of the following is NOT an example of intrinsic motivation?
a) Reading because you enjoy the content
b) Learning a new language to impress others
c) Solving puzzles because you find it fun
d) Participating in a science competition for the personal satisfaction of winning
Answer: b) Learning a new language to impress others
- Intrinsic motivation comes from within, driven by personal interest or enjoyment, not external rewards.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 15
Question: According to Maslow, which need must be fulfilled before a person can seek self-actualization?
a) Esteem needs
b) Safety needs
c) Social needs
d) Physiological needs
Answer: a) Esteem needs
- According to Maslow’s hierarchy, individuals must meet physiological, safety, and social needs before they can pursue esteem and self-actualization.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 16
Question: Which of the following is a key feature of constructivist teaching methods?
a) Teacher-centered instruction
b) Active learning through hands-on experiences
c) Memorization of facts and formulas
d) Extensive use of textbooks and lectures
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
Answer: b) Active learning through hands-on experiences
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
- Constructivist methods emphasize active engagement and experiential learning, allowing students to construct knowledge.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 17
Question: Bandura’s Social Learning Theory emphasizes which of the following?
a) The importance of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior
b) Learning through observation and modeling others’ behavior
c) The use of mnemonic devices to help memory
d) The stages of cognitive development
Answer: b) Learning through observation and modeling others’ behavior
- Social learning theory highlights the role of observational learning, where individuals acquire new behaviors by watching others.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 18
Question: Which stage of Piaget’s cognitive development theory is characterized by the ability to think logically about concrete events, but not abstract concepts?
a) Sensorimotor
b) Preoperational
c) Concrete operational
d) Formal operational
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
Answer: c) Concrete operational
- In the Concrete Operational stage, children can logically think about concrete events but struggle with abstract reasoning.
MCQ 19
Question: According to Bruner, a curriculum should be designed in a way that:
a) Introduces topics in a rigid, structured order
b) Encourages rote memorization of facts
c) Allows for learning at a child’s own pace
d) Revisits topics at increasing levels of complexity
Answer: d) Revisits topics at increasing levels of complexity
- Bruner proposed the idea of a spiral curriculum, where topics are revisited at increasing levels of complexity over time.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
MCQ 20
Question: In behaviorism, which of the following is a key concept?
a) Learning is a passive process
b) Behavior is shaped through reinforcement and punishment
c) Learners actively construct knowledge
d) Learning happens only through formal education
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
Answer: b) Behavior is shaped through reinforcement and punishment
- In behaviorism, reinforcement and punishment are key factors in shaping behavior and learning.
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
शैक्षिक मनोविज्ञान के सिद्धांत|Key Theories in Educational Psychology with CTET MCQs and Answers
These MCQs cover various key educational psychology theories and their application in learning environments. They represent a mix of questions from behaviorism, cognitive theory, social learning, and other perspectives that are essential for understanding educational psychology.
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